✕ Close
← Plus 2 and plus 1 practice

Small Friends Pond — Lesson 31: Small friends: all the adding

Small friends: minus 4 →
INTRODUCTION
Small friends: all the adding
Practice day!
Fill the bead jar. Every right answer drops in a bead.
press Enter ↵
© 2026 TypePlay and AbacusPlay. The guide hands are TypePlay’s own artwork. All rights reserved.0tens0ones

Lesson 31: Abacus small friends addition practice

Level 3, Small Friends Pond. Fill the bead jar. Every right answer drops in a bead.

What your child does, card by card

Small friends: all the adding. Practice day! PlayBuddy opens the lesson: “Practice time. Let's get quicker and better.”

All four small friends: the top bead comes down every time. The abacus makes 4, then clears. Here the hands lead: they show 4, 9, 5, 4, 9, 6, 4, 9, 7, 4, 9 and 8, and a moment later the beads copy each one. “+1: 4 back”, “+2: 3 back”, “+3: 2 back” and “+4: 1 back” glow on the card in step with the beads. The card ends on a touch: “The more you add, the fewer beads go back.”

Try it: your child works out 2 + 4 and 4 + 1, with a green ring on the next bead to move.

Ten beads to go: a mission of 10 tasks with a bead jar that fills with every right answer. Your child must work out 1 + 4, 3 + 2, 4 + 3, 2 + 3, 4 + 1, 3 + 4, 4 + 2, 2 + 4, 3 + 3 and 4 + 4.

In Copy me the drawn hand holds up 9, 6 and 8 in turn, and your child copies each one in beads.

In your head: the abacus is covered and your child works out 1 + 4, 4 + 2 and 3 + 3, showing each answer on the drawn fingers.

Jar full! You can add 1 to 4 with the small friends.

What this lesson trains

About five minutes and 18 answers. Altogether the child makes 30 bead moves (15 with the top bead, 15 with bottom beads). The work stays at 9 or below, on one rod. Then 3 quick looks in your head. 12 of the 12 sums need a small friend (“+4 = +5 −1”, “+1 = +5 −4”, “+2 = +5 −3” and “+3 = +5 −2”); the others use free beads.

The first thing your child does: work out 2 + 4 and 4 + 1.

Fingers and hands

Below the abacus the drawn hands show zero and 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8 and 9 here, finger for bead.

+4 on the fingers: the thumb opens and one finger closes (+5 −1). +1 on the fingers: the thumb opens and 4 fingers close (+5 −4). +2 on the fingers: the thumb opens and 3 fingers close (+5 −3). +3 on the fingers: the thumb opens and 2 fingers close (+5 −2).

On “All four small friends” the hands move first and the beads follow, so your child sees that a finger and a bead move together: open a finger and a bead goes to the bar, close it and the bead goes back.

Copy me turns it round: 9, 6 and 8 appear on the hand first.

What PlayBuddy and PlayType say

PlayBuddy: “Top bead down, small friend off.”

Stars

With 1 or fewer slips across the 18 answers your child earns three stars; 4 or fewer, two.